Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) - Emtricitabine/Tenofovir (Generic Truvada)

• Do not use if you:

  • Are allergic to emtricitabine, tenofovir, or any other ingredients in the medication.
  • Are HIV-positive; PrEP is not a complete treatment for HIV and could lead to drug resistance in HIV-positive individuals.

• Consult a healthcare provider before use if you:

  • Have a history of kidney disease, as tenofovir can affect kidney function.
  • Have osteoporosis or low bone density, as tenofovir may reduce bone density.
  • Are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding.

• Regular monitoring:

  • HIV testing: It’s essential to test for HIV before starting PrEP and every 3 months during treatment to ensure you remain HIV-negative.
  • Kidney function: Regular kidney function tests are recommended, as tenofovir can impact renal health.

• Do not rely solely on PrEP:
  PrEP should be combined with safer sex practices and regular medical follow-up for optimal HIV prevention.

• Keep out of reach of children:
  PrEP is intended only for individuals at risk of HIV and should be stored safely.

1. How to take:

   • Take 1 tablet daily with or without food. It’s important to take the medication consistently every day to maintain adequate levels in your body.
   • Do not double up on doses if you miss a dose; continue with your regular schedule.

2. Starting PrEP:

   • Begin taking PrEP at least 7 days before potential HIV exposure for receptive anal sex and 21 days for receptive vaginal sex or injection drug use.

3. Missed doses:

   • If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember, but do not take more than one dose in a day.

4. Storage:
   Store Emtricitabine/Tenofovir at room temperature away from moisture and heat. Keep in the original container to protect from moisture.

Active Ingredients:

• Emtricitabine (200mg): An NRTI that prevents HIV from replicating by inhibiting the reverse transcriptase enzyme.
• Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (300mg): An NRTI that works similarly to emtricitabine in stopping the virus from reproducing.

Other Ingredients:

• Croscarmellose sodium
• Magnesium stearate
• Microcrystalline cellulose
• Lactose monohydrate
• Other tablet binders and fillers

These inactive ingredients help form the tablet and facilitate its absorption.

Common Side Effects:

1. Nausea: Mild nausea, particularly when first starting PrEP, is common and usually subsides over time.
2. Headache: Some users may experience mild headaches.
3. Mild stomach upset: Including gas, bloating, or abdominal pain.

Less Common Side Effects:

1. Kidney effects: Tenofovir may impact kidney function over time. Regular monitoring is advised.
2. Decreased bone density: Some users may experience reduced bone mineral density. Calcium and vitamin D supplements may be recommended.

Rare Side Effects:

1. Lactic acidosis: In rare cases, a buildup of lactic acid can occur, which can be serious. Symptoms include unusual muscle pain, difficulty breathing, or stomach pain.
2. Severe allergic reaction: Although rare, signs of a severe reaction may include swelling of the face, difficulty breathing, or hives. Seek medical attention if this occurs.

• How does Emtricitabine/Tenofovir (PrEP) work?
  Emtricitabine and tenofovir block the enzyme reverse transcriptase, which HIV needs to replicate in the body. By preventing the virus from making copies of itself, PrEP significantly reduces the risk of HIV infection.

• How effective is PrEP in preventing HIV?
  When taken daily, PrEP is up to 99% effective in preventing HIV through sexual contact and 74% effective in people who inject drugs. Consistency is key for maximum protection.

• Who should consider taking PrEP?
  PrEP is recommended for individuals at high risk of HIV exposure, including:

  • Those with HIV-positive sexual partners
  • Individuals with multiple sexual partners or inconsistent condom use
  • People who inject drugs and share needles
  • Sex workers and other high-risk groups

• How long does it take for PrEP to be effective?
  PrEP reaches maximum effectiveness after 7 days of daily use for receptive anal sex and 21 days for receptive vaginal sex or injecting drug use.

• Can PrEP protect against other sexually transmitted infections (STIs)?
  No, PrEP only protects against HIV. Regular condom use is still recommended to reduce the risk of other STIs.